Paper on Kets was updated

The paper about Kets(Siberian people with isolate language) was updated. Authors included comparison with ancient genomes from Allentoft's paper:

Genomic study of the Ket: a Paleo-Eskimo-related ethnic group with significant ancient North Eurasian ancestry

Pavel Flegontov, Piya Changmai, Anastassiya Zidkova, Maria D. Logacheva, Nefize Ezgi Altinisik, Olga Flegontova, Mikhail S. Gelfand, Evgeny S. Gerasimov, Ekaterina V. Khrameeva, Olga P. Konovalova, Tatiana Neretina, Yuri V. Nikolsky, George Starostin, Vita V. Stepanova, Igor V. Travinsky, Martin Triska, Petr Triska, Tatiana V. Tatarinova

doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/024554

Abstract

The Kets, an ethnic group in the Yenisei River basin, Russia, are considered the last nomadic hunter-gatherers of Siberia, and Ket language has no transparent affiliation with any language family. We investigated connections between the Kets and Siberian and North American populations, with emphasis on the Mal'ta and Paleo-Eskimo ancient genomes, using original data from 46 unrelated samples of Kets and 42 samples of their neighboring ethnic groups (Uralic-speaking Nganasans, Enets, and Selkups). We genotyped over 130,000 autosomal SNPs, identified mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal haplogroups, and performed high-coverage genome sequencing of two Ket individuals. We established that Nganasans, Kets, Selkups, and Yukaghirs form a cluster of populations most closely related to Paleo-Eskimos in Siberia (not considering indigenous populations of Chukotka and Kamchatka). Kets are closely related to modern Selkups and to some Bronze and Iron Age populations of the Altai region, with all these groups sharing a high degree of Mal'ta ancestry. Implications of these findings for the linguistic hypothesis uniting Ket and Na-Dene languages into a language macrofamily are discussed.

Neolithic DNA from Greece

Early farmers from across Europe directly descended from Neolithic Aegeans

Farming and sedentism first appear in southwest Asia during the early Holocene and later spread to neighboring regions, including Europe, along multiple dispersal routes. Conspicuous uncertainties remain about the relative roles of migration, cultural diffusion and admixture with local foragers in the early Neolithisation of Europe. Here we present paleogenomic data for five Neolithic individuals from northwestern Turkey and northern Greece, spanning the time and region of the earliest spread of farming into Europe. We observe striking genetic similarity both among Aegean early farmers and with those from across Europe. Our study demonstrates a direct genetic link between Mediterranean and Central European early farmers and those of Greece and Anatolia, extending the European Neolithic migratory chain all the way back to southwestern Asia.

New aDNA from Anatolia, Spain, Germany and Russia

Genome-wide patterns of selection in 230 ancient Eurasians

Ancient DNA makes it possible to observe natural selection directly by analysing samples from populations before, during and after adaptation events. Here we report a genome-wide scan for selection using ancient DNA, capitalizing on the largest ancient DNA data set yet assembled: 230 West Eurasians who lived between 6500 and 300 BC, including 163 with newly reported data. The new samples include, to our knowledge, the first genome-wide ancient DNA from Anatolian Neolithic farmers, whose genetic material we obtained by extracting from petrous bones, and who we show were members of the population that was the source of Europe’s first farmers. We also report a transect of the steppe region in Samara between 5600 and 300 BC, which allows us to identify admixture into the steppe from at least two external sources. We detect selection at loci associated with diet, pigmentation and immunity, and two independent episodes of selection on height.

At BBC:

Genetic history of Europeans revealed

Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ancient DNA from Caucasus and Switzerland

Upper Palaeolithic genomes reveal deep roots of modern Eurasians

At BBC:

Europe's fourth ancestral 'tribe' uncovered

When Neanderthals and Modern Humans met

Human evolution from 60,000 – 30,000 years ago, by Professor Tom Higham, University of Oxford

Roman ancient DNA is coming soon

Around 3:15 Lalueza-Fox talks about unpublished Roman ancient DNA.

Ancient Human DNA map

Here is the map with the locations, from which were taken samples for ancient human DNA analyses. I included only studies with full genome sequencing and good coverage. Another version of the map can be found here: http://u.osmfr.org/m/41837/